FLORIDA ATLANTIC UNIVERSITY®

U.S. Banks’ Exposure to Risk from Commercial Real Estate Screener

HomeBank Exposures Commercial Real EstateUnrealized Losses on Investment Securities Screener

Many financial experts in the banking industry have warned about future losses on commercial real estate (CRE) mortgages as hundreds of billions of dollars in loans reprice in a high-rate environment over the coming year.

As most CRE mortgages are five-year balloon mortgages, many of these loans that originated in a lower rate environment in 2019 are currently rolling over and need refinancing this year when rates are well above 7%. The same concern carries over in 2025 for CRE loans originated in 2020, as well as 2026 for CRE loans originated in 2021.

The imminent refinancing of loans, combined with more commercial properties selling at a discount relative to pre-pandemic values, has exposed vulnerabilities in the banking system not only to commercial real estate mortgages, but also to commercial real estate construction loans and unused commitments to fund commercial real estate mortgages and loans.

The U.S. Banks’ Exposure to Risk from Commercial Real Estate screener evaluates 157 of the largest banks in America out of over 4,000 existing banks to track their exposure to commercial real estate. Using publicly available quarterly data from the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council Central Data Repository, we calculate each bank’s total CRE exposure (the sum of CRE nonfarm-nonresidential mortgages, multifamily mortgages, CRE construction loans and unused CRE commitments) as a percentage of the bank’s total equity.

We use this ratio as a broad measure of bank exposure to commercial real estate. A variation of this ratio is often used by banking regulators to assess CRE exposures. Any ratio over 300% is viewed as excessive exposure to CRE, which puts the bank at greater risk of failure.

This ongoing, quarterly project is produced by The Banking Initiative at Florida Atlantic University sponsored by Executive Education.

Obs Name ST Total Assets (Millions) Total Equity (Millions) Equity to Assets CRE Total (Millions) CRE Total to Equity
1 DIME COMMUNITY BANK NY 13,474 1,411 10.5% 9,221 653.7%
2 BANK OZK AR 36,030 5,267 14.6% 32,681 620.5%
3 MERCHANTS BANK OF INDIANA IN 17,740 1,719 9.7% 10,520 611.9%
4 FIRST FOUNDATION BANK CA 13,559 1,074 7.9% 6,338 589.9%
5 EAGLEBANK MD 11,562 1,254 10.9% 7,232 576.5%
6 FLAGSTAR BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCI NY 112,840 9,275 8.2% 51,322 553.3%
7 SERVISFIRST BANK AL 15,721 1,533 9.8% 8,366 545.6%
8 LIVE OAK BANKING COMPANY NC 11,430 891 7.8% 4,738 532.0%
9 PROVIDENT BANK NJ 14,125 1,665 11.8% 8,857 531.9%
10 FIRSTBANK CO 27,536 1,444 5.2% 7,096 491.5%
11 LAKELAND BANK NJ 10,962 1,312 12.0% 6,248 476.2%
12 FARMERS AND MERCHANTS BANK OF CA 12,191 1,357 11.1% 6,424 473.5%
13 BERKSHIRE BANK MA 12,141 1,039 8.6% 4,899 471.6%
14 APPLE BANK NY 16,958 1,457 8.6% 6,792 466.1%
15 WASHINGTON FEDERAL BANK WA 30,135 2,975 9.9% 13,852 465.7%
16 FIRST UNITED BANK AND TRUST CO OK 16,355 1,378 8.4% 6,369 462.1%
17 VALLEY NATIONAL BANK NJ 60,990 7,299 12.0% 33,656 461.1%
18 COLUMBIA BANK NJ 10,310 952 9.2% 4,373 459.2%
19 SYNOVUS BANK GA 59,716 4,841 8.1% 21,921 452.8%
20 TRUSTMARK NATIONAL BANK MS 18,374 1,789 9.7% 8,093 452.4%
21 BREMER BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIAT MN 16,098 1,343 8.3% 5,921 441.0%
22 ZIONS BANCORPORATION, NATIONAL UT 87,060 5,829 6.7% 25,629 439.7%
23 CITY NATIONAL BANK OF FLORIDA FL 26,127 2,384 9.1% 10,459 438.7%
24 BANC OF CALIFORNIA CA 36,001 3,785 10.5% 16,277 430.1%
25 BELL BANK ND 13,743 1,303 9.5% 5,583 428.5%
26 BANK OF HOPE CA 18,083 2,188 12.1% 9,205 420.6%
27 SANDY SPRING BANK MD 13,884 1,832 13.2% 7,571 413.3%
28 AXOS BANK CA 21,805 2,189 10.0% 8,910 407.1%
29 BANNER BANK WA 15,521 1,716 11.1% 6,948 404.8%
30 WASHINGTON TRUST BANK WA 10,930 869 7.9% 3,443 396.3%
31 POPULAR BANK NY 13,685 1,915 14.0% 7,579 395.8%
32 COMERICA BANK TX 79,513 5,444 6.8% 21,468 394.3%
33 UMPQUA BANK OR 52,218 5,322 10.2% 20,878 392.3%
34 INDEPENDENT BANK DBA INDEPENDE TX 18,867 2,719 14.4% 10,645 391.5%
35 ISRAEL DISCOUNT BANK OF NEW YO NY 12,014 1,231 10.2% 4,813 391.0%
36 OCEANFIRST BANK, NATIONAL ASSO NJ 13,310 1,658 12.5% 6,481 390.9%
37 STELLAR BANK TX 10,719 1,557 14.5% 5,743 368.9%
38 FIRST BANK NC 12,095 1,467 12.1% 5,391 367.6%
39 TOWNEBANK VA 16,884 2,050 12.1% 7,435 362.8%
40 ENTERPRISE BANK & TRUST MO 14,583 1,744 12.0% 6,277 359.9%
41 ATLANTIC UNION BANK VA 21,265 2,845 13.4% 10,141 356.4%
42 FULTON BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIAT PA 27,526 2,855 10.4% 10,095 353.5%
43 CENTRAL TRUST BANK, THE MO 19,043 1,619 8.5% 5,700 352.1%
44 UMB BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION MO 45,066 3,176 7.0% 11,157 351.3%
45 HTLF BANK CO 19,053 2,000 10.5% 6,978 348.9%
46 FIRST INTERSTATE BANK MT 30,079 3,163 10.5% 11,003 347.9%
47 CATHAY BANK CA 23,386 2,855 12.2% 9,784 342.7%
48 CITIZENS BUSINESS BANK CA 16,476 2,072 12.6% 6,975 336.6%
49 VERITEX COMMUNITY BANK TX 12,663 1,722 13.6% 5,784 335.9%
50 SIMMONS BANK AR 27,330 3,488 12.8% 11,698 335.3%
51 PACIFIC PREMIER BANK CA 18,813 3,170 16.9% 10,576 333.6%
52 FIRSTBANK TN 12,533 1,475 11.8% 4,913 333.2%
53 GLACIER BANK MT 27,804 3,123 11.2% 10,380 332.4%
54 EAST WEST BANK CA 70,748 6,657 9.4% 22,011 330.6%
55 BANK OF HAWAII HI 23,389 1,389 5.9% 4,479 322.5%
56 SOUTHSTATE BANK, N.A. FL 45,128 5,791 12.8% 18,558 320.5%
57 OLD NATIONAL BANK IN 49,245 5,521 11.2% 17,680 320.3%
58 FIRST COMMONWEALTH BANK PA 11,664 1,297 11.1% 4,027 310.4%
59 PINNACLE BANK TN 48,762 6,205 12.7% 19,202 309.5%
60 UNITED COMMUNITY BANK SC 27,299 3,214 11.8% 9,904 308.1%
61 FROST BANK Tx 49,568 3,559 7.2% 10,921 306.8%
62 CUSTOMERS BANK PA 21,334 1,757 8.2% 5,372 305.7%
63 AMERIS BANK GA 25,579 3,619 14.1% 11,028 304.7%
64 WESTERN ALLIANCE BANK AZ 76,954 6,411 8.3% 19,441 303.3%
65 WILMINGTON SAVINGS FUND SOCIET DE 20,482 2,501 12.2% 7,575 302.8%
66 PLAINSCAPITAL BANK TX 13,186 1,576 12.0% 4,743 301.0%
67 ROCKLAND TRUST COMPANY MA 19,329 2,919 15.1% 8,778 300.7%
68 FIRST HORIZON BANK TN 81,504 8,789 10.8% 26,305 299.3%
69 ARVEST BANK AR 26,373 1,914 7.3% 5,662 295.9%
70 WESBANCO BANK, INC. WV 17,742 2,563 14.4% 7,521 293.5%
71 RENASANT BANK MS 17,351 2,565 14.8% 7,502 292.5%
72 UNITED BANK VA 29,939 4,852 16.2% 14,162 291.9%
73 TRISTATE CAPITAL BANK PA 19,744 1,267 6.4% 3,680 290.4%
74 BOKF, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OK 49,948 4,817 9.6% 13,849 287.5%
75 CADENCE BANK MS 48,314 5,190 10.7% 14,874 286.6%
76 BANCFIRST OK 10,648 1,147 10.8% 3,273 285.3%
77 BUSEY BANK IL 11,856 1,480 12.5% 4,155 280.7%
78 COMMUNITY BANK, NATIONAL ASSOC NY 15,612 1,277 8.2% 3,527 276.2%
79 ASSOCIATED BANK, NATIONAL ASSO WI 41,085 4,124 10.0% 11,179 271.1%
80 BANKUNITED, NATIONAL ASSOCIATI FL 35,067 3,092 8.8% 8,357 270.3%
81 NBT BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION NY 13,345 1,439 10.8% 3,871 269.0%
82 OPTUM BANK, INC. UT 17,265 1,645 9.5% 4,407 267.9%
83 WEBSTER BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIA CT 76,091 9,129 12.0% 24,296 266.1%
84 COMMERCE BANK MO 30,204 2,410 8.0% 6,353 263.6%
85 FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF OMAHA NE 30,788 2,772 9.0% 7,287 262.8%
86 CENTENNIAL BANK AR 22,760 3,689 16.2% 9,468 256.6%
87 MIDFIRST BANK OK 36,941 3,839 10.4% 9,793 255.1%
88 HANCOCK WHITNEY BANK MS 35,230 3,746 10.6% 9,493 253.4%
89 EASTERN BANK MA 21,161 2,816 13.3% 7,133 253.3%
90 SEACOAST NATIONAL BANK FL 14,822 2,111 14.2% 5,305 251.2%
91 DOLLAR BANK, FEDERAL SAVINGS B PA 11,558 1,099 9.5% 2,716 247.2%
92 FIRST FINANCIAL BANK OH 17,525 2,332 13.3% 5,634 241.6%
93 TEXAS CAPITAL BANK TX 29,093 3,325 11.4% 7,933 238.6%
94 MECHANICS BANK CA 17,340 2,199 12.7% 5,199 236.4%
95 FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF PENNSYL PA 45,782 5,969 13.0% 13,867 232.3%
96 FIRST HAWAIIAN BANK HI 24,278 2,502 10.3% 5,704 228.0%
97 FIRST FINANCIAL BANK, NATIONAL TX 13,133 1,323 10.1% 2,915 220.3%
98 FIRSTBANK PUERTO RICO PR 18,884 1,608 8.5% 3,437 213.7%
99 STIFEL BANK AND TRUST MO 18,000 1,237 6.9% 2,631 212.6%
100 NORTHWEST BANK PA 14,561 1,513 10.4% 3,198 211.4%
101 FIRST MERCHANTS BANK IN 18,306 2,257 12.3% 4,766 211.1%
102 SANTANDER BANK, NATIONAL ASSOC DE 102,184 11,917 11.7% 24,029 201.6%
103 EVERBANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FL 37,923 3,532 9.3% 6,589 186.5%
104 FIRST-CITIZENS BANK & TRUST CO NC 217,724 21,723 10.0% 40,009 184.2%
105 BANCO POPULAR DE PUERTO RICO PR 57,114 2,943 5.2% 5,370 182.5%
106 CIBC BANK USA IL 55,048 9,402 17.1% 17,071 181.6%
107 NEXBANK TX 15,800 1,295 8.2% 2,345 181.1%
108 MANUFACTURERS AND TRADERS TRUS NY 214,668 25,984 12.1% 44,164 170.0%
109 CITY NATIONAL BANK CA 92,425 10,566 11.4% 17,673 167.3%
110 CITIZENS BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCI RI 220,152 22,967 10.4% 35,387 154.1%
111 RAYMOND JAMES BANK FL 41,193 2,796 6.8% 3,978 142.3%
112 KEYBANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OH 185,233 14,745 8.0% 20,959 142.1%
113 ORIENTAL BANK PR 11,027 1,098 10.0% 1,447 131.7%
114 PROSPERITY BANK TX 38,762 7,086 18.3% 9,054 127.8%
115 HUNTINGTON NATIONAL BANK, THE OH 192,859 17,650 9.2% 21,101 119.6%
116 TRUIST BANK NC 526,714 57,574 10.9% 59,316 103.0%
117 REGIONS BANK AL 153,946 15,859 10.3% 16,245 102.4%
118 PNC BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION DE 561,950 50,231 8.9% 50,566 100.7%
119 BMO BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION IL 264,643 33,216 12.6% 31,622 95.2%
120 FIFTH THIRD BANK, NATIONAL ASS OH 213,681 21,102 9.9% 19,898 94.3%
121 WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL ASS SD 1,743,283 163,345 9.4% 152,782 93.5%
122 U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OH 669,426 61,591 9.2% 54,247 88.1%
123 TD BANK, N.A. DE 369,860 46,759 12.6% 34,146 73.0%
124 CAPITAL ONE, NATIONAL ASSOCIAT VA 478,877 53,285 11.1% 33,038 62.0%
125 NORTHERN TRUST COMPANY, THE IL 155,573 11,484 7.4% 6,771 59.0%
126 JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, NATIONAL OH 3,503,360 304,994 8.7% 175,587 57.6%
127 DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AM NY 38,920 9,727 25.0% 4,900 50.4%
128 ALLY BANK UT 182,369 13,914 7.6% 6,320 45.4%
129 MORGAN STANLEY BANK, N.A. UT 212,723 23,087 10.9% 9,913 42.9%
130 MORGAN STANLEY PRIVATE BANK, N NY 202,824 16,405 8.1% 7,036 42.9%
131 BANK OF AMERICA, NATIONAL ASSO NC 2,550,363 237,333 9.3% 85,712 36.1%
132 BEAL BANK USA NV 18,031 4,175 23.2% 1,415 33.9%
133 HSBC BANK USA, NATIONAL ASSOCI VA 163,070 15,663 9.6% 4,859 31.0%
134 UBS BANK USA UT 110,525 9,180 8.3% 2,404 26.2%
135 STIFEL BANK MO 10,752 767 7.1% 178 23.3%
136 GOLDMAN SACHS BANK USA NY 549,188 57,222 10.4% 13,054 22.8%
137 BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, THE NY 357,477 27,470 7.7% 6,142 22.4%
138 CITIBANK, N.A. SD 1,698,856 165,900 9.8% 30,242 18.2%
139 BNY MELLON, NATIONAL ASSOCIATI PA 30,932 3,678 11.9% 667 18.1%
140 STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST CO MA 333,667 26,127 7.8% 3,091 11.8%
141 TD BANK USA, NATIONAL ASSOCIAT DE 34,385 4,219 12.3% 156 3.7%
142 SOFI BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATIO UT 25,660 3,502 13.6% 126 3.6%
143 BMW BANK OF NORTH AMERICA UT 12,038 1,874 15.6% 44 2.4%
144 SALLIE MAE BANK UT 28,327 2,691 9.5% 56 2.1%
145 SYNCHRONY BANK UT 113,551 12,607 11.1% 51 0.4%
146 THIRD FEDERAL SAVINGS & LOAN A OH 17,004 1,712 10.1% 3 0.2%
147 BARCLAYS BANK DELAWARE DE 40,409 5,175 12.8% 8 0.2%
148 USAA FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK TX 114,029 3,622 3.2% 1 0.0%
149 DISCOVER BANK DE 150,307 13,003 8.7% 0 0.0%
150 WELLS FARGO NATIONAL BANK WEST NV 13,378 1,432 10.7% 0 0.0%
151 AMERICAN EXPRESS NATIONAL BANK UT 189,503 16,514 8.7% 0 0.0%
152 BANK OF AMERICA CALIFORNIA, NA CA 14,667 2,257 15.4% 0 0.0%
153 CHARLES SCHWAB PREMIER BANK, S TX 26,033 1,715 6.6% 0 0.0%
154 CHARLES SCHWAB BANK, SSB TX 286,704 16,695 5.8% 0 0.0%
155 COMENITY CAPITAL BANK UT 12,730 1,987 15.6% 0 0.0%
156 AMERIPRISE BANK, FSB MN 22,556 1,034 4.6% 0 0.0%
157 CHARLES SCHWAB TRUST BANK TX 10,177 746 7.3% 0 0.0%

 

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